基于paramiko的文件批量分发和命令批量执行
在实际工作环境中,有可能需要去运维百台
服务器,甚至更多。以应用升级为例,对应用做升级操作,首先得停止应用服务,防止新的应用数据写入,并备份应用部署目录,然后替换成新的代码文件、配置文件等。替换完成后,启动应用服务。但是由于应用服务器数量过多,如果一台一台服务器去做升级,这会花费很多时间。这时,便可使用paramiko编写python脚本,让这些重复性的操作批量执行,去实现应用升级的自动化。这个小工具实现了在堡垒机模式和非堡机模式的运用。
1.maintool.py(控制整个脚本的执行),代码如下:
点击(此处)折叠或打开
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#!/usr/bin/python
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#coding:utf-8
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import sys
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######脚本执行操作提示
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def login():
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print """\033[1;34m
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1:批量分发文件(非堡垒机模式)
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2:批量执行命令(非堡垒机模式)
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3:批量下载文件(非堡垒机模式)
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4:单台执行命令(非堡垒机模式)
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5:批量分发文件(堡垒机模式)
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6:批量执行命令(堡垒机模式)
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7:增加需要服务器(非堡垒机模式)
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8:删除不需要服务器(非堡垒机模式)
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9:查看当前服务器列表(非堡垒机模式)
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10:退出\033[0m
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"""
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#######定义用户选择函数
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def choice():
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import operation,blhost_operation
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while True:
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choice = raw_input("\033[1;32minput your choice:\033[0m").strip()
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choice_list = ['1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','10','help','exit']
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if choice not in choice_list:
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print "\033[1;33mtry again!\033[0m"
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continue
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if choice == '1':
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operation.SendFile()###非堡机模式下文件分发
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login()
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if choice == '2':
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operation.ExecuteCmd()###非堡机模式下命令执行
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login()
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if choice == '3':
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operation.DownloadFile()###非堡机模式下文件下载
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login()
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if choice == '4':
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operation.SingleServer()###单台服务器操作
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login()
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if choice == '5':
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blhost_operation.SendFile()###堡垒机模式下文件分发
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login()
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if choice == '6':
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blhost_operation.ExecuteCmd()###堡垒机模式下命令执行
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login()
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if choice == '7':
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operation.AddServerList()###增加服务器名单
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if choice == '8':
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operation.DeleteServerList()###删除服务器名单
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if choice == '9':
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operation.ShowServerList()###展示服务器名单
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login()
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if choice == '10' or choice == 'exit':###退出脚本操作
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print "\033[1;31mThank you for your use!\033[0m"
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sys.exit(0)
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if choice == 'help':
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login()
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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login()
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choice()
maintool.py执行效果如下:
2.operation.py(定义非堡垒机模式下的相关操作),代码如下:
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#!/usr/bin/python
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#coding:utf-8
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import sys,time,threading
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import getpass,commands
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import paramiko,fabric
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server_list=[] #HOSTNAME IP PWDROOT PWDWEBLOGIC PWDORACLE
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result_dict={}
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######读取文件内容,读取完成后关闭文件
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f = open ('serverlist.txt')
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for i in f.readlines():
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server_list.append(i.split())
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f.close()
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######非堡垒机下文件的传送
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def transfer(localpath,remotepath,hostname,username,password):
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port = 22
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try:
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t = paramiko.Transport((hostname,port))
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t.connect(username=username,password=password)
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sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
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sftp.put(localpath,remotepath)
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t.close()
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result_dict[hostname] = hostname+"服务器文件传送完成"
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print result_dict[hostname]
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except Exception,e:
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print str(e)
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######定义文件下载函数
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def download(remotepath,localpath,hostname,username,password):
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port = 22
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try:
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t = paramiko.Transport((hostname,port))
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t.connect(username=username,password=password)
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sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
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sftp.get(remotepath,localpath)
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t.close()
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result_dict[hostname] = hostname+"服务器文件下载完成"
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print result_dict[hostname]
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except Exception,e:
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print str(e)
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######定义命令执行函数
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def execmd(hostname,username,password,CMD):
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paramiko.util.log_to_file('syslogin.log')###将用户登录服务器日志输出到syslogin.log
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ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()###ssh登录服务器
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ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())###自动添加主机名及主机密钥到本地HostKeys对象,并将其保存,不依赖load_system_host_keys()的配置,即使~/.ssh/known_hosts不存在也不产生影响
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ssh.connect(hostname=hostname,username=username,password=password)
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stdin,stdout,stderr = ssh.exec_command(CMD)
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result = stdout.read()
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ssh.close()
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result_dict[hostname] = hostname+"服务器命令执行结果如下:"+"\n"+result
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print result_dict[hostname]
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######执行结果打印
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def result_dict_print():
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global result_dict
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while True:
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if len(result_dict) == len(server_list):
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break
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print "\033[1;36m%s台服务器完成\033[0m" %(len(result_dict))
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result_dict = {}
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######非保垒机模式下文件的分发
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def SendFile():
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while True:
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username = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入你选择要用于发送文件的用户[root/weblogic/oracle]:\033[0m").strip()
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username_list = ['root','weblogic','oracle','\n','exit']
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if username not in username_list:
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print "\033[0;32minput error!Please try again!If you need exit,please input exit!\033[0m"
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continue
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if username == 'exit':
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sys.exit()
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localpath = raw_input("\033[1;32m本地文件(绝对路径):\033[0m").strip()
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remotepath = raw_input("\033[1;32m服务器目的地址(绝对路径):\033[0m").strip()
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if username == 'root':
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=transfer,args=(localpath,remotepath,list[1],username,list[2],))
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p.start()
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for list in server_list:
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p.join(timeout=1)
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if username == 'weblogic' or username == '':
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username = 'weblogic'
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=transfer,args=(localpath,remotepath,list[1],username,list[3],))
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p.start()
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if username == 'oracle':
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username = 'oracle'
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=transfer,args=(localpath,remotepath,list[1],username,list[4],))
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p.start()
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result_dict_print()
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break
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######非堡垒机模式下文件的下载
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def DownloadFile():
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while True:
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username = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入你选择要用于下载文件的用户[root/weblogic/oracle]:\033[0m").strip()
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username_list = ['root','weblogic','oracle','\n','exit']
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if username not in username_list:
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print "\033[1;32minput error!Please try again!If you need exit,please input exit!\033[0m"
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continue
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if username == 'exit':
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sys.exit()
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remotepath = raw_input("\033[1;32m远程文件(绝对路径):\033[0m").strip()
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localpath = raw_input("\033[1;32m服务器目的地址(目录名,默认为/opt/zzx/python/bin):\033[0m").strip()
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if localpath == '':
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localpath = '/opt/zzx/python/bin'
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localpath = localpath+"/"
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print localpath
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count = remotepath.count('/')
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basename = remotepath.split('/')[count]
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if username == 'root':
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=download,args=(remotepath,localpath+list[1]+"_"+basename,list[1],username,list[2],))
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p.start()
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for list in server_list:
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p.join(timeout=1)
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if username == 'weblogic' or username == '':
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username = 'weblogic'
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for list in server_list:
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localpath = result1+list[1]+"_"+result2
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p = threading.Thread(target=download,args=(remotepath,localpath,list[1],username,list[3],))
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p.start()
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if username == 'oracle':
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for list in server_list:
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localpath = result1+list[1]+"_"+result2
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p = threading.Thread(target=download,args=(remotepath,localpath,list[1],username,list[4],))
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p.start()
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result_dict_print()
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break
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######非堡垒机模式下命令的执行
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def ExecuteCmd():
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while True:
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username = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入你选择要用于执行命令的用户[root/weblogic/oracle]:\033[0m").strip()
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username_list = ['root','weblogic','oracle','\n','exit']
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if username not in username_list:
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print "\033[1;32minput error!Please try again!If you need exit,please input exit!\033[0m"
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continue
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if username == 'exit':
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sys.exit()
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CMD = raw_input("\033[1;37m请输入要执行的命令(不能带引号):\033[0m").strip()
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if CMD == 'exit':
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return
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if username == 'root':
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=execmd,args=(list[1],username,list[2],CMD,))
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p.start()
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if username == 'weblogic' or username == '':
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username = 'weblogic'
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=execmd,args=(list[1],username,list[3],CMD))
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p.start()
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if username == 'oracle':
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=execmd,args=(list[1],username,list[4],CMD))
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p.start()
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result_dict_print()
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break
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######单台服务器操作
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def SingleServer():
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IP = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入要执行命令的服务器IP地址:\033[0m").strip()
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username = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入要执行命令的服务器用户名:\033[0m").strip()
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password = getpass.getpass()
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CMD = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入要执行的命令(不能带引号):\033[0m").strip()
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execmd(IP,username,password,CMD)
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######服务器名单添加
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def AddServerList():
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hostname = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入服务器名称(如localhost):\033[0m").strip()
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if hostname == 'quit' or hostname == 'exit':
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return
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ip = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入服务器IP:\033[0m").strip()
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root_passwd = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入服务器root用户密码:\033[0m").strip()
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weblogic_passwd = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入服务器weblogic用户密码:\033[0m").strip()
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oracle_passwd = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入服务器oracle用户密码:\033[0m").strip()
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f = file('serverlist.txt','a')
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f.write("%s %s %s %s %s\n"%(hostname,ip,root_passwd,weblogic_passwd,oracle_passwd))
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f.close()
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raw_input("\033[1;32m重新执行程序后生效(敲任意键退出)...\033[0m")
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time.sleep(0.2)
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sys.exit()
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######服务器名单删除
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def DeleteServerList():
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IP = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入要删除服务器IP:\033[0m").strip()
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if IP == 'quit' or IP == 'exit':
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return
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status,result = commands.getstatusoutput("sed -i '/\<%s\>/'d ./serverlist.txt" % IP)
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raw_input("\033[1;32m重新执行程序后生效(敲任意键退出)...\033[0m")
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time.sleep(0.2)
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sys.exit()
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######服务器名单显示
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def ShowServerList():
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i = 0
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f = open('serverlist.txt','rb')
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for line in f.readlines():
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print line.strip()
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i = i+1
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f.close
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print "\n总共%s台服务器" % i
3.blhost_operation.py(定义堡垒机模式下的相关操作),代码如下:
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#!/usr/bin/python
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#coding:utf-8
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import sys,time,threading
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import getpass,commands,os
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import paramiko,fabric
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server_list=[] #HOSTNAME IP PWDROOT PWDWEBLOGIC PWDORACLE
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result_dict={}
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######读取文件内容,读取完成后关闭文件
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f = open ('serverlist.txt')
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for i in f.readlines():
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server_list.append(i.split())
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f.close()
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######堡垒机下文件的传送
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def transfer(bllocalpath,remotepath,blhostname,blusername,blpassword,hostname,username,password):
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passinfo='\'s password: '
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paramiko.util.log_to_file('blhost_upload.log')
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ssh=paramiko.SSHClient()
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ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())###自动添加主机名及主机密钥到本地HostKeys对象,并将其保存,不依赖load_system_host_keys()的配置,即使~/.ssh/known_hosts不存在也不产生影响
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ssh.connect(hostname=blhostname,username=blusername,password=blpassword)
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channel=ssh.invoke_shell()
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channel.settimeout(100)
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buff=''
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resp=''
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channel.send('scp '+bllocalpath+' '+username+'@'+hostname+':'+remotepath+'\n')
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while not buff.endswith(passinfo):
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try:
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resp=channel.recv(9999)
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except Exception,e:
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print "Error info:receive nothing"
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print str(e)
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channel.close()
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ssh.close()
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sys.exit()
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buff += resp
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if not buff.find('yes/no')==-1:
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channel.send('yes\n')
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buff=''
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buff=''
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channel.send(password+'\n')
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while not buff.endswith('# '):
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resp=channel.recv(9999)
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if not resp.find(passinfo)==-1:
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print "Error info:Authentication failed."
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print "Please confirm if your password is true!"
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channel.close()
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ssh.close()
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sys.exit()
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buff += resp
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channel.close()
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ssh.close()
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result_dict[hostname] = hostname+"服务器文件传送完成"
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print result_dict[hostname]
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######堡垒机模式下命令执行
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def execmd(blhostname,blusername,blpassword,hostname,username,password,CMD):
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passinfo='\'s password: '
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paramiko.util.log_to_file('blhost_syslogin.log')
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ssh=paramiko.SSHClient()
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ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
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ssh.connect(hostname=blhostname,username=blusername,password=blpassword)
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channel=ssh.invoke_shell()
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channel.settimeout(100)
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buff=''
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resp=''
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channel.send('ssh '+username+'@'+hostname+'\n')
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while not buff.endswith(passinfo):
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try:
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resp=channel.recv(9999)
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except Exception,e:
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print "fail to connect"
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print "Error info: "+str(e)
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channel.close()
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ssh.close()
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sys.exit()
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buff += resp
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if not buff.find('yes/no')==-1:
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channel.send('yes\n')
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buff=''
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buff=''
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channel.send(password+'\n')
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while not buff.endswith('# '):
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resp=channel.recv(9999)
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if not resp.find(passinfo)==-1:
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print "Error info:Authentication failed"
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channel.close()
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ssh.close()
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sys.exit()
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buff += resp
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buff=''
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channel.send('%s\n' % CMD)
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try:
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while not buff.endswith('# '):
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resp=channel.recv(9999)
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buff += resp
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except Exception,e:
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print "Error info:"+str(e)
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result = buff
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channel.close()
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ssh.close()
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result_dict[hostname] = hostname+"服务器命令执行结果如下:"+"\n"+result
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print result_dict[hostname]
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######执行结果打印
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def result_dict_print():
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global result_dict
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while True:
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if len(result_dict) == len(server_list):
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break
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print "\033[1;36m%s台服务器完成\033[0m" %(len(result_dict))
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result_dict={}
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######堡垒机模式下文件的批量分发
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def SendFile():
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while True:
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blusername = raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入你选择要用于发送文件的堡垒机用户[root/weblogic/oracle]:\033[0m").strip()
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blusername_list = ['root','weblogic','oracle','','exit']
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if blusername not in blusername_list:
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print "\033[0;32minput error!Please try again!If you need exit,please input exit!\033[0m"
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continue
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if blusername == 'exit':
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return
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blhostname=raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入你选择要用于发送文件的堡垒机IP:\033[0m").strip()
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print "\033[1;32m请输入你选择要用于发送文件的堡垒机密码:\033[0m"
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blpassword=getpass.getpass()
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username=raw_input("\033[1;32m请输入你选择要用于接收文件的用户[root/weblogic/oracle]:\033[0m").strip()
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bllocalpath=raw_input("\033[1;32m堡垒机本地文件(绝对路径):\033[0m").strip()
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remotepath=raw_input("\033[1;32m服务器目的地址(绝对路径):\033[0m").strip()
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if blusername == 'root':
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=transfer,args=(bllocalpath,remotepath,blhostname,blusername,blpassword,list[1],username,list[2],))
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p.start()
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for list in server_list:
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p.join(timeout=1)
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if blusername == 'weblogic' or blusername == '':
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blusername = 'weblogic'
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=transfer,args=(bllocalpath,remotepath,blhostname,blusername,blpassword,list[1],username,list[3],))
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p.start()
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if blusername == 'oracle':
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for list in server_list:
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p = threading.Thread(target=transfer,args=(bllocalpath,remotepath,blhostname,blusername,blpassword,list[1],username,list[4],))
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p.start()
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result_dict_print()
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break
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######堡垒机模式下命令的批量执行
-
def ExecuteCmd():
-
本文题目:基于paramiko的文件批量分发和命令批量执行
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