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( )根据xml文件来管理线程池的最大最小线程数( )对线程池通过Timer定期扫描以防止线程未激活 ( )通过某一个变量(本程序中是freeThreadCount)来得到空闲线程的数目 一 配置xml(listen xml)是 ?xml version= encoding= UTF ?configConsumeThreadPoolminPools /minPools ! 线程池最小线程 maxPools /maxPools! 线程池最大线程 checkThreadPeriod /checkThreadPeriod ! 检查线程池中线程的周期 分钟 /ConsumeThreadPool/config 二 对于ConsumeThreadPoolPara的javabean: import java io *;public class ConsumeThreadPoolPara implements Serializable{private int minPools;private int maxPools;private int checkThreadPeriod;public int getMinPools(){return minPools;}public int getMaxPools(){return maxPools;}public int getCheckThreadPeriod(){return checkThreadPeriod;}public void setMinPools(int minPools){this minPools = minPools;}public void setMaxPools(int maxPools){this maxPools = maxPools;}public void setCheckThreadPeriod(int checkThreadPeriod){this checkThreadPeriod = checkThreadPeriod;}public String toString(){return minPools+ + maxPools+ +checkThreadPeriod;}public ConsumeThreadPoolPara() {}public static void main(String[] args) {ConsumeThreadPoolPara consumeThreadPool = new ConsumeThreadPoolPara();}} 三 解析xml程序代码(生成ConsumeThreadPoolPara) 使用jdom解析 import jdom *;import jdom input SAXBuilder;import java io *;import java util *;public class ParseConfig {static Hashtable Listens = null;static ConnPara connpara = null;static ConsumeThreadPoolPara consumeThreadPoolPara = null;private static String configxml = listen xml ;static{getConsumeThreadPoolPara(); //得到消费的线程池的参数}/*** 装载文档* @return 返回根结点* @throws JDOMException*/public static Element loadDocument() throws JDOMException{SAXBuilder parser = new SAXBuilder(); // 新建立构造器try {Document document = parser build(configxml);Element root = document getRootElement();return root;}catch(JDOMException e){logger error( listen xml文件格式非法! );throw new JDOMException();}}public static ConsumeThreadPoolPara getConsumeThreadPoolPara(){if(consumeThreadPoolPara ==null){try {Element root = loadDocument();Element consumeThreadPool = root getChild( ConsumeThreadPool );if (consumeThreadPool != null) { //代表有数据库配置consumeThreadPoolPara = new ConsumeThreadPoolPara();Element minPools = consumeThreadPool getChild( minPools );consumeThreadPoolPara setMinPools(Integer parseInt(minPools getTextTrim()));Element maxPools = consumeThreadPool getChild( maxPools );consumeThreadPoolPara setMaxPools(Integer parseInt(maxPools getTextTrim()));Element checkThreadPeriod = consumeThreadPool getChild( checkThreadPeriod );consumeThreadPoolPara setCheckThreadPeriod(Integer parseInt(checkThreadPeriod getTextTrim()));}}catch (JDOMException e) {}}return consumeThreadPoolPara;}} 四 线程池源代码 import java util *;/*** pTitle: 线程池/p* pDescription: 采集消费模块/p* pCopyright: Copyright (c) /p* pCompany: /p* @author 张荣斌* @version */public class ThreadPool {private static int minPools = ; //最小连接池数目private static int maxPools = ; //最大连接池数目private static int checkThreadPeriod = ; //检查连接池的周期ArrayList m_ThreadList; //工作线程列表LinkedList m_RunList = null; //工作任务列表int totalThread = ; //总线程数static int freeThreadCount = ; //未被使用的线程数目private java util Timer timer = null; //定时器static Object o = new Object();static{ //先初始化线程池的参数ConsumeThreadPoolPara consumeThreadPoolPara = ParseConfig getConsumeThreadPoolPara();if(consumeThreadPoolPara!=null){minPools = consumeThreadPoolPara getMinPools();maxPools = consumeThreadPoolPara getMaxPools();checkThreadPeriod = consumeThreadPoolPara getCheckThreadPeriod()* * ;}}public void setMinPools(int minPools){this minPools = minPools;}public void setMaxPools(int maxPools){this maxPools = maxPools;}public void setCheckThreadPeriod(int checkThreadPeriod){this checkThreadPeriod = checkThreadPeriod;}public ThreadPool() {m_ThreadList=new ArrayList();m_RunList=new LinkedList();for(int i= ;iminPools;i++){WorkerThread temp=new WorkerThread();totalThread = totalThread + ;m_ThreadList add(temp);temp start();try{Thread sleep( );}catch(Exception e){}}timer = new Timer(true); //启动定时器timer schedule(new CheckThreadTask(this) checkThreadPeriod);}/*** 当有一个工作来的时候启动线程池的线程* 当空闲线程数为 的时候 看总线程是否小于最大线程池的数目 就new一个新的线程 否则sleep 直到有空闲线程为止;* 当空闲线程不为 则将任务丢给空闲线程去完成* @param work*/public synchronized void run(String work){if (freeThreadCount == ) {if(totalThreadmaxPools){WorkerThread temp = new WorkerThread();totalThread = totalThread + ;m_ThreadList add(temp);temp start();synchronized(m_RunList){m_RunList add(work);m_RunList notify();}}else{while (freeThreadCount == ) {try {Thread sleep( );}catch (InterruptedException e) {}}synchronized(m_RunList){m_RunList add(work);m_RunList notify();}}} else {synchronized(m_RunList){m_RunList add(work);m_RunList notify();}}}/*** 检查所有的线程的有效性*/public synchronized void checkAllThreads() {Iterator lThreadIterator = erator();while (lThreadIterator hasNext()) { //逐个遍厉WorkerThread lTestThread = (WorkerThread) lThreadIterator next();if (! (lTestThread isAlive())) { //如果处在非活动状态时lTestThread = new WorkerThread(); //重新生成个线程lTestThread start(); //启动}}}/*** 打印调试信息*/public void printDebugInfo(){System out println( totalThread= +totalThread);System out println( m_ThreadList size()= +m_ThreadList size());}/**** pTitle: 工作线程类/p* @author 张荣斌* @version */class WorkerThread extends Thread{boolean running = true;String work;public void run(){while(running){synchronized(o){freeThreadCount++;}synchronized(m_RunList){while(m_RunList size() == ){try{m_RunList wait();if(!running) return;}catch(InterruptedException e){} lishixinzhi/Article/program/Java/gj/201311/27379
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线程池简介:
多线程技术主要解决处理器单元内多个线程执行的问题,它可以显著减少处理器单元的闲置时间,增加处理器单元的吞吐能力。
假设一个服务器完成一项任务所需时间为:T1 创建线程时间,T2 在线程中执行任务的时间,T3 销毁线程时间。
如果:T1 + T3 远大于 T2,则可以采用线程池,以提高服务器性能。
一个线程池包括以下四个基本组成部分:
1、线程池管理器(ThreadPool):用于创建并管理线程池,包括 创建线程池,销毁线程池,添加新任务;
2、工作线程(PoolWorker):线程池中线程,在没有任务时处于等待状态,可以循环的执行任务;
3、任务接口(Task):每个任务必须实现的接口,以供工作线程调度任务的执行,它主要规定了任务的入口,任务执行完后的收尾工作,任务的执行状态等;
4、任务队列(taskQueue):用于存放没有处理的任务。提供一种缓冲机制。
线程池技术正是关注如何缩短或调整T1,T3时间的技术,从而提高服务器程序性能的。它把T1,T3分别安排在服务器程序的启动和结束的时间段或者一些空闲的时间段,这样在服务器程序处理客户请求时,不会有T1,T3的开销了。
线程池不仅调整T1,T3产生的时间段,而且它还显著减少了创建线程的数目,看一个例子:
假设一个服务器一天要处理50000个请求,并且每个请求需要一个单独的线程完成。在线程池中,线程数一般是固定的,所以产生线程总数不会超过线程池中线程的数目,而如果服务器不利用线程池来处理这些请求则线程总数为50000。一般线程池大小是远小于50000。所以利用线程池的服务器程序不会为了创建50000而在处理请求时浪费时间,从而提高效率。
代码实现中并没有实现任务接口,而是把Runnable对象加入到线程池管理器(ThreadPool),然后剩下的事情就由线程池管理器(ThreadPool)来完成了
package mine.util.thread;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 线程池类,线程管理器:创建线程,执行任务,销毁线程,获取线程基本信息
*/
public final class ThreadPool {
// 线程池中默认线程的个数为5
private static int worker_num = 5;
// 工作线程
private WorkThread[] workThrads;
// 未处理的任务
private static volatile int finished_task = 0;
// 任务队列,作为一个缓冲,List线程不安全
private ListRunnable taskQueue = new LinkedListRunnable();
private static ThreadPool threadPool;
// 创建具有默认线程个数的线程池
private ThreadPool() {
this(5);
}
// 创建线程池,worker_num为线程池中工作线程的个数
private ThreadPool(int worker_num) {
ThreadPool.worker_num = worker_num;
workThrads = new WorkThread[worker_num];
for (int i = 0; i worker_num; i++) {
workThrads[i] = new WorkThread();
workThrads[i].start();// 开启线程池中的线程
}
}
// 单态模式,获得一个默认线程个数的线程池
public static ThreadPool getThreadPool() {
return getThreadPool(ThreadPool.worker_num);
}
// 单态模式,获得一个指定线程个数的线程池,worker_num(0)为线程池中工作线程的个数
// worker_num=0创建默认的工作线程个数
public static ThreadPool getThreadPool(int worker_num1) {
if (worker_num1 = 0)
worker_num1 = ThreadPool.worker_num;
if (threadPool == null)
threadPool = new ThreadPool(worker_num1);
return threadPool;
}
// 执行任务,其实只是把任务加入任务队列,什么时候执行有线程池管理器觉定
public void execute(Runnable task) {
synchronized (taskQueue) {
taskQueue.add(task);
taskQueue.notify();
}
}
// 批量执行任务,其实只是把任务加入任务队列,什么时候执行有线程池管理器觉定
public void execute(Runnable[] task) {
synchronized (taskQueue) {
for (Runnable t : task)
taskQueue.add(t);
taskQueue.notify();
}
}
// 批量执行任务,其实只是把任务加入任务队列,什么时候执行有线程池管理器觉定
public void execute(ListRunnable task) {
synchronized (taskQueue) {
for (Runnable t : task)
taskQueue.add(t);
taskQueue.notify();
}
}
// 销毁线程池,该方法保证在所有任务都完成的情况下才销毁所有线程,否则等待任务完成才销毁
public void destroy() {
while (!taskQueue.isEmpty()) {// 如果还有任务没执行完成,就先睡会吧
try {
Thread.sleep(10);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
// 工作线程停止工作,且置为null
for (int i = 0; i worker_num; i++) {
workThrads[i].stopWorker();
workThrads[i] = null;
}
threadPool=null;
taskQueue.clear();// 清空任务队列
}
// 返回工作线程的个数
public int getWorkThreadNumber() {
return worker_num;
}
// 返回已完成任务的个数,这里的已完成是只出了任务队列的任务个数,可能该任务并没有实际执行完成
public int getFinishedTasknumber() {
return finished_task;
}
// 返回任务队列的长度,即还没处理的任务个数
public int getWaitTasknumber() {
return taskQueue.size();
}
// 覆盖toString方法,返回线程池信息:工作线程个数和已完成任务个数
@Override
public String toString() {
return "WorkThread number:" + worker_num + " finished task number:"
+ finished_task + " wait task number:" + getWaitTasknumber();
}
/**
* 内部类,工作线程
*/
private class WorkThread extends Thread {
// 该工作线程是否有效,用于结束该工作线程
private boolean isRunning = true;
/*
* 关键所在啊,如果任务队列不空,则取出任务执行,若任务队列空,则等待
*/
@Override
public void run() {
Runnable r = null;
while (isRunning) {// 注意,若线程无效则自然结束run方法,该线程就没用了
synchronized (taskQueue) {
while (isRunning taskQueue.isEmpty()) {// 队列为空
try {
taskQueue.wait(20);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if (!taskQueue.isEmpty())
r = taskQueue.remove(0);// 取出任务
}
if (r != null) {
r.run();// 执行任务
}
finished_task++;
r = null;
}
}
// 停止工作,让该线程自然执行完run方法,自然结束
public void stopWorker() {
isRunning = false;
}
}
}
线程池通俗的描述就是预先创建若干空闲线程 等到需要用多线程去处理事务的时候去唤醒某些空闲线程执行处理任务 这样就省去了频繁创建线程的时间 因为频 繁创建线程是要耗费大量的CPU资源的 如果一个应用程序需要频繁地处理大量并发事务 不断的创建销毁线程往往会大大地降低系统的效率 这时候线程池就派 上用场了
本文旨在使用Java语言编写一个通用的线程池 当需要使用线程池处理事务时 只需按照指定规范封装好事务处理对象 然后用已有的线程池对象去自动选择空 闲线程自动调用事务处理对象即可 并实现线程池的动态修改(修改当前线程数 最大线程数等) 下面是实现代码
//ThreadTask java
package polarman threadpool;
/** *//**
*线程任务
* @author ryang
*
*/
public interface ThreadTask {
public void run();
}
//PooledThread java
package polarman threadpool;
import java util Collection; import java util Vector;
/** *//**
*接受线程池管理的线程
* @author ryang
*
*/
public class PooledThread extends Thread {
protected Vector tasks = new Vector();
protected boolean running = false;
protected boolean stopped = false;
protected boolean paused = false;
protected boolean killed = false;
private ThreadPool pool;
public PooledThread(ThreadPool pool) { this pool = pool;
}
public void putTask(ThreadTask task) { tasks add(task);
}
public void putTasks(ThreadTask[] tasks) { for(int i= ; itasks length; i++) this tasks add(tasks[i]);
}
public void putTasks(Collection tasks) { this tasks addAll(tasks);
}
protected ThreadTask popTask() { if(tasks size() ) return (ThreadTask)tasks remove( );
else
return null;
}
public boolean isRunning() {
return running;
}
public void stopTasks() {
stopped = true;
}
public void stopTasksSync() {
stopTasks();
while(isRunning()) { try {
sleep( );
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}
public void pauseTasks() {
paused = true;
}
public void pauseTasksSync() {
pauseTasks();
while(isRunning()) { try {
sleep( );
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}
public void kill() { if(!running)
interrupt();
else
killed = true;
}
public void killSync() {
kill();
while(isAlive()) { try {
sleep( );
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}
public synchronized void startTasks() {
running = true;
this notify();
}
public synchronized void run() { try { while(true) { if(!running || tasks size() == ) { pool notifyForIdleThread(); //System out println(Thread currentThread() getId() + : 空闲 ); this wait(); }else {
ThreadTask task;
while((task = popTask()) != null) { task run(); if(stopped) {
stopped = false;
if(tasks size() ) { tasks clear(); System out println(Thread currentThread() getId() + : Tasks are stopped );
break;
}
}
if(paused) {
paused = false;
if(tasks size() ) { System out println(Thread currentThread() getId() + : Tasks are paused );
break;
}
}
}
running = false;
}
if(killed) {
killed = false;
break;
}
}
}catch(InterruptedException e) {
return;
}
//System out println(Thread currentThread() getId() + : Killed );
}
}
//ThreadPool java
package polarman threadpool;
import java util Collection; import java util Iterator; import java util Vector;
/** *//**
*线程池
* @author ryang
*
*/
public class ThreadPool {
protected int maxPoolSize;
protected int initPoolSize;
protected Vector threads = new Vector();
protected boolean initialized = false;
protected boolean hasIdleThread = false;
public ThreadPool(int maxPoolSize int initPoolSize) { this maxPoolSize = maxPoolSize; this initPoolSize = initPoolSize;
}
public void init() {
initialized = true;
for(int i= ; iinitPoolSize; i++) {
PooledThread thread = new PooledThread(this);
thread start(); threads add(thread);
}
//System out println( 线程池初始化结束 线程数= + threads size() + 最大线程数= + maxPoolSize);
}
public void setMaxPoolSize(int maxPoolSize) { //System out println( 重设最大线程数 最大线程数= + maxPoolSize); this maxPoolSize = maxPoolSize;
if(maxPoolSize getPoolSize())
setPoolSize(maxPoolSize);
}
/** *//**
*重设当前线程数
* 若需杀掉某线程 线程不会立刻杀掉 而会等到线程中的事务处理完成* 但此方法会立刻从线程池中移除该线程 不会等待事务处理结束
* @param size
*/
public void setPoolSize(int size) { if(!initialized) {
initPoolSize = size;
return;
}else if(size getPoolSize()) { for(int i=getPoolSize(); isize imaxPoolSize; i++) {
PooledThread thread = new PooledThread(this);
thread start(); threads add(thread);
}
}else if(size getPoolSize()) { while(getPoolSize() size) { PooledThread th = (PooledThread)threads remove( ); th kill();
}
}
//System out println( 重设线程数 线程数= + threads size());
}
public int getPoolSize() { return threads size();
}
protected void notifyForIdleThread() {
hasIdleThread = true;
}
protected boolean waitForIdleThread() {
hasIdleThread = false;
while(!hasIdleThread getPoolSize() = maxPoolSize) { try { Thread sleep( ); } catch (InterruptedException e) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
public synchronized PooledThread getIdleThread() { while(true) { for(Iterator itr=erator(); itr hasNext();) { PooledThread th = (PooledThread)itr next(); if(!th isRunning())
return th;
}
if(getPoolSize() maxPoolSize) {
PooledThread thread = new PooledThread(this);
thread start(); threads add(thread);
return thread;
}
//System out println( 线程池已满 等待 );
if(waitForIdleThread() == false)
return null;
}
}
public void processTask(ThreadTask task) {
PooledThread th = getIdleThread();
if(th != null) { th putTask(task); th startTasks();
}
}
public void processTasksInSingleThread(ThreadTask[] tasks) {
PooledThread th = getIdleThread();
if(th != null) { th putTasks(tasks); th startTasks();
}
}
public void processTasksInSingleThread(Collection tasks) {
PooledThread th = getIdleThread();
if(th != null) { th putTasks(tasks); th startTasks();
}
}
}
下面是线程池的测试程序
//ThreadPoolTest java
import java io BufferedReader; import java io IOException; import java io InputStreamReader;
import polarman threadpool ThreadPool; import polarman threadpool ThreadTask;
public class ThreadPoolTest {
public static void main(String[] args) { System out println( quit 退出 ); System out println( task A 启动任务A 时长为 秒 ); System out println( size 设置当前线程池大小为 ); System out println( max 设置线程池最大线程数为 ); System out println();
final ThreadPool pool = new ThreadPool( ); pool init();
Thread cmdThread = new Thread() { public void run() {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System in));
while(true) { try { String line = reader readLine(); String words[] = line split( ); if(words[ ] equalsIgnoreCase( quit )) { System exit( ); }else if(words[ ] equalsIgnoreCase( size ) words length = ) { try { int size = Integer parseInt(words[ ]); pool setPoolSize(size); }catch(Exception e) {
}
}else if(words[ ] equalsIgnoreCase( max ) words length = ) { try { int max = Integer parseInt(words[ ]); pool setMaxPoolSize(max); }catch(Exception e) {
}
}else if(words[ ] equalsIgnoreCase( task ) words length = ) { try { int timelen = Integer parseInt(words[ ]); SimpleTask task = new SimpleTask(words[ ] timelen * ); pool processTask(task); }catch(Exception e) {
}
}
} catch (IOException e) { e printStackTrace();
}
}
}
};
cmdThread start();
/**//*
for(int i= ; i ; i++){
SimpleTask task = new SimpleTask( Task + i (i+ )* ); pool processTask(task);
}*/
}
}
class SimpleTask implements ThreadTask {
private String taskName;
private int timeLen;
public SimpleTask(String taskName int timeLen) { this taskName = taskName; this timeLen = timeLen;
}
public void run() { System out println(Thread currentThread() getId() +
: START TASK + taskName + );
try { Thread sleep(timeLen); } catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
System out println(Thread currentThread() getId() +
: END TASK + taskName + );
}
}
使用此线程池相当简单 下面两行代码初始化线程池
ThreadPool pool = new ThreadPool( ); pool init();
要处理的任务实现ThreadTask 接口即可(如测试代码里的SimpleTask) 这个接口只有一个方法run()
两行代码即可调用
lishixinzhi/Article/program/Java/hx/201311/27203